Google’s AI timeline spans more than two decades, from machine learning features in Search and Translate to Gemini models, DeepMind research, developer platforms, and AI products across Search, Android, Workspace, and Cloud.
Start with the model release dates below when you need a specific Gemini date. Google released Gemini 3.8 Flash and Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber on September 2, 2026, following Gemini 3.7 Flash on August 13, 2026.
Gemini 2.0 Flash first appeared as an experimental model on December 11, 2024 and became generally available on February 5, 2025. Google introduced Gemini 1.0 on December 6, 2023. The newest release in this timeline is Gemini 3.8, which includes a general-purpose Flash model and a cybersecurity model for trusted defenders.
This Google AI timeline also includes major product launches and research milestones before and after Gemini. It traces the progression from Search spelling correction, Google Translate, AlphaGo, the Transformer, BERT, and AlphaFold to Bard, AI Overviews, AI Mode, Gemini CLI, Veo, Gemma, and newer agent-based products.
Last updated: September 2, 2026
Gemini Model Release Dates
| Gemini Model | Date | Milestone |
|---|---|---|
| Gemini 3.8 Flash | September 2, 2026 | Flash model with stronger software engineering, long-running agent, and multi-step reasoning performance at the same introductory API price as Gemini 3.7 Flash. |
| Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber | September 2, 2026 | Cybersecurity model for vulnerability discovery and automated patching, available to trusted defenders through Google’s Fairwind Program. |
| Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash | August 27, 2026 | Production-ready video model with scene extension, first-and-last-frame interpolation, faster 360p previews, video references, and output upscaling to 4K. |
| Gemini 3.5 Transcribe | August 26, 2026 | Speech-to-text model for real-time and recorded audio with support for more than 85 languages, custom vocabulary, smart cleanup, speaker attribution, and word-level timestamps. |
| Gemini 3.7 Flash | August 13, 2026 | New Flash workhorse model for coding, agents, knowledge work, and web development. |
| Gemini 3.6 Flash | July 21, 2026 | Flash model focused on stronger coding, knowledge work, multimodal performance, and token efficiency. |
| Gemini 3.5 Flash-Lite | July 21, 2026 | Fast 3.5-series model for low-latency, high-volume tasks. |
| Gemini 3.5 Flash Cyber | July 21, 2026 | Specialized cybersecurity model paired with Google’s CodeMender security work. |
| Gemini 3.5 Live Translate | June 9, 2026 | Audio model for near real-time speech-to-speech translation. |
| Gemini Omni Flash | May 19, 2026 | First Gemini Omni model for multimodal video creation and conversational editing. API public preview followed on June 30, 2026. |
| Gemini 3.5 Flash | May 19, 2026 | First model in the Gemini 3.5 family, built for coding and multi-step agent tasks. |
| Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite | May 7, 2026 | Stable Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite release for high-volume production use. |
| Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite | March 3, 2026 | Initial preview of the fast, lower-cost Gemini 3.1 model. |
| Gemini 3.1 Pro | February 19, 2026 | Gemini 3.1 model for complex reasoning and agent tasks. |
| Gemini 3 Flash | December 17, 2025 | Faster Gemini 3 model for everyday use and developer tasks. |
| Gemini 3 Pro | November 18, 2025 | First Gemini 3 model released across Google products and developer tools. |
| Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite | July 22, 2025 | Stable low-cost Gemini 2.5 model for latency-sensitive, high-volume use. |
| Gemini 2.5 Flash | June 17, 2025 | Stable Gemini 2.5 Flash release for production use. |
| Gemini 2.5 Flash | April 17, 2025 | Early Gemini 2.5 Flash release with controllable reasoning. |
| Gemini 2.5 Pro | June 17, 2025 | Stable Gemini 2.5 Pro release for production applications. |
| Gemini 2.5 Pro | March 25, 2025 | Initial Gemini 2.5 Pro release with stronger reasoning and coding. |
| Gemini 2.0 Flash | February 5, 2025 | Updated Gemini 2.0 Flash became available for production through the Gemini API, Google AI Studio, and Vertex AI. |
| Gemini 2.0 Flash | December 11, 2024 | Google introduced the first Gemini 2.0 model with multimodal output and native tool use. |
| Gemini 1.5 | February 15, 2024 | Gemini 1.5 introduced major long-context improvements, starting with Gemini 1.5 Pro. |
| Gemini 1.0 | December 6, 2023 | Original Gemini model family with Ultra, Pro, and Nano sizes. |
Latest Google AI Model and Product Releases
| Date | Model or Product | Key Change |
|---|---|---|
| September 2, 2026 | Gemini 3.8 Flash and Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber | Google introduced Gemini 3.8 Flash for long-horizon software engineering, autonomous agents, and multi-step reasoning, plus a Flash Cyber model for vulnerability discovery and automated patching. Gemini 3.8 Flash launched at an introductory API price of $0.75 per million input tokens and $3.75 per million output tokens through December 31, 2026; Google says those rates will rise to $1.50 and $7.50 on January 1, 2027. Flash Cyber access is limited to trusted defenders through the Fairwind Program. |
| September 1, 2026 | Agentic video understanding | Google launched agentic video understanding for Gemini 3.7 Flash, 3.6 Flash, and 3.5 Flash-Lite through the Gemini API in Google AI Studio and Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform. Gemini can navigate a video timeline and request transcripts, frames, or audio as needed, with up to 88% fewer tokens, up to 66% lower analysis costs, and up to 7% higher accuracy in Google’s benchmarks. |
| September 1, 2026 | Google Pics | Google Workspace made its Nano Banana-powered image creation and editing tool generally available. Pics can generate and refine images, edit selected objects and in-image text, crop and upscale images, keep version history, and support collaboration, with direct editing in Docs and Slides and Drive integration rolling out in the coming weeks. |
| August 27, 2026 | Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash | Google made its updated video model production-ready with scene extension up to 40 seconds, first-and-last-frame interpolation, faster 360p previews, video references, and 1080p or 4K output. |
| August 27, 2026 | Expert Intelligence in Gemini Notebook | Google began letting users add eligible ebooks purchased through Google Play Books to Gemini Notebook, with responses and generated materials grounded in the book. |
| August 26, 2026 | Gemini 3.5 Transcribe | Google released a speech-to-text model for live and recorded audio in public preview, with support for more than 85 languages, custom vocabulary, smart cleanup, and detailed timestamps. |
| August 25, 2026 | Gemini Enterprise for Legal and Financial Services | Google Cloud introduced preview industry solutions with governed agents, domain-specific skills, secure data connectors, and partner integrations for legal and financial work. |
| August 13, 2026 | Gemini 3.7 Flash | Google released a new Flash workhorse model for coding, agents, knowledge work, and web development. |
| July 28, 2026 | Managed Agents in Gemini API | Managed Agents moved to Gemini 3.6 Flash by default and gained environment hooks, budget controls, scheduled triggers, and free-tier access. |
| July 21, 2026 | Gemini 3.6 Flash, 3.5 Flash-Lite, and 3.5 Flash Cyber | Google expanded the Flash family for production agents, low-latency tasks, and specialized cybersecurity work. |
| June 30, 2026 | Nano Banana 2 Lite and Gemini Omni Flash API preview | Google released a faster Gemini image model and opened Gemini Omni Flash to developers and enterprises in public preview. |
| June 24, 2026 | Computer use in Gemini 3.5 Flash | Gemini 3.5 Flash gained built-in computer use for agents that interact with desktop, mobile, and browser environments. |
| June 10, 2026 | DiffusionGemma | Google introduced an experimental open model focused on faster local inference. |
| June 9, 2026 | Gemini 3.5 Live Translate | Google released an audio model for near real-time speech-to-speech translation across more than 70 languages. |
| June 4, 2026 | Dreambeans | Google Labs introduced a mobile AI experiment that creates personalized daily stories from connected Google apps. |
| June 4, 2026 | Gemma 4 12B | Google announced a multimodal Gemma model designed for capable local use on laptops. |
| May 19, 2026 | Gemini 3.5 Flash and Gemini Omni | Google I/O 2026 introduced a new Gemini generation for agentic work and a multimodal family that starts with video generation and editing. |
| May 19, 2026 | Gemini Spark | Google introduced a personal AI agent designed to work across Google apps and supported partner services. |
| May 19, 2026 | Google Antigravity 2.0 | Google expanded its agent-first development platform with a standalone desktop app, multi-agent orchestration, scheduled tasks, and product integrations. |
| May 19, 2026 | Universal Cart | Google announced an intelligent shopping cart that works across participating Google surfaces and merchants. |
| May 19, 2026 | AI information agents in Search | Google introduced Search agents that can monitor ongoing tasks, handle follow-ups, and provide updates. |
| May 19, 2026 | Intelligent eyewear | Google previewed Gemini-powered eyewear with audio-first and display-based experiences. |
| May 12, 2026 | Gemini Intelligence on Android | Google introduced more proactive Gemini features across Android devices and multi-step actions across apps. |
| May 12, 2026 | Googlebook | Google introduced a new laptop category designed around Gemini Intelligence and Android integration. |
| May 5, 2026 | Gemini API File Search | File Search gained multimodal support, custom metadata, and page-level citations. |
| April 22, 2026 | Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform | Google launched an enterprise platform for building, managing, and governing AI agents. |
| April 22, 2026 | Gemini Embedding 2 | Google made its multimodal embedding model generally available. |
| April 21, 2026 | Deep Research Max | Google released a more capable research agent for longer and more complex research tasks. |
| April 15, 2026 | Gemini on Mac | Gemini became available as a desktop assistant for macOS. |
| April 14, 2026 | Skills in Chrome | Chrome gained reusable prompt-based AI actions for repeated browser tasks. |
| March 31, 2026 | Veo 3.1 Lite | Google introduced a lower-cost Veo model for developer video generation. |
| March 25, 2026 | Lyria 3 Pro | Google released a music generation model for longer tracks and greater composition control. |
| March 11, 2026 | Gemini Embedding 2 preview | Google introduced a multimodal embedding model for text, images, video, and audio. |
| February 26, 2026 | Nano Banana 2 | Google introduced Gemini 3.1 Flash Image for faster image generation and editing. |
| January 14, 2026 | Personal Intelligence in Gemini | Gemini gained a beta personalization feature that can use context from connected Google apps. |
| December 17, 2025 | Google Workspace Studio | Google introduced a Workspace product for creating work automation agents without code. |
| November 18, 2025 | Gemini 3 and Google Antigravity | Google launched the Gemini 3 generation and introduced an agent-first development platform. |
| November 6, 2025 | Gemini API File Search Tool | Google added managed retrieval directly to the Gemini API. |
| November 6, 2025 | Opal global expansion | Google expanded its AI mini-app builder to more than 160 countries. |
| October 28, 2025 | Pomelli | Google released an experimental AI marketing tool for creating on-brand content. |
| October 15, 2025 | Veo 3.1 | Google updated its video generation family with richer audio and more control. |
| September 25, 2025 | Search Live | Google Search added real-time voice and camera-based AI answers. |
| September 9, 2025 | Gemini Canvas visual editing | Gemini Canvas gained click-to-edit visual changes for generated web apps. |
| July 25, 2025 | Opal | Google Labs released a visual tool for building and sharing AI mini-apps. |
| July 14, 2025 | Gemini Embedding | Google’s Gemini Embedding text model became generally available for developers. |
| June 25, 2025 | Gemini CLI | Google introduced an open-source terminal agent for using Gemini from the command line. |
| June 6, 2025 | Scheduled actions in Gemini | The Gemini app gained scheduled tasks and recurring updates. |
| May 31, 2025 | Gemini Live camera and screen sharing | Gemini Live expanded camera and screen-sharing access across Android and iOS. |
| May 27, 2025 | Gemini 2.5 Flash native audio | Google expanded Gemini 2.5 Flash with native audio output through the Live API. |
| May 27, 2025 | AI Overviews expansion | AI Overviews expanded to more countries, territories, and languages. |
| May 20, 2025 | Veo 3, Imagen 4, Flow, and Gemma 3n | Google I/O 2025 expanded its AI portfolio across video, image generation, filmmaking, and open models. |
| May 14, 2025 | Gemini Advanced GitHub connection | Gemini Advanced gained GitHub repository context for coding tasks. |
| April 29, 2025 | NotebookLM multilingual Audio Overviews | NotebookLM expanded Audio Overviews to more than 50 languages. |
| April 16, 2025 | Google AI Studio Starter Apps | Google AI Studio added editable starter apps for model-powered development. |
| April 15, 2025 | Veo 2 in Gemini Advanced | Google brought Veo 2 video generation into Gemini Advanced. |
| April 9, 2025 | Deep Research with Gemini 2.5 Pro | Gemini Advanced gained Deep Research powered by Gemini 2.5 Pro Experimental. |
| December 13, 2024 | Google Agentspace | Google Cloud introduced an enterprise AI search and agent product. |
| December 4, 2024 | Genie 2 | Google DeepMind introduced a foundation world model for generating interactive environments. |
| October 9, 2024 | Imagen 3 | Google expanded access to its higher-quality image generation model. |
| September 2024 | Ask Photos | Google Photos introduced a conversational way to search photos and videos. |
| September 2024 | DataGemma | Google introduced research that connects language models with real-world statistical data. |
| August 2024 | Gemini overlay on Android | Gemini expanded as an Android assistant overlay for in-context help. |
| July 31, 2024 | Gemma 2 2B, ShieldGemma, and Gemma Scope | Google expanded the Gemma family with smaller, safety, and interpretability resources. |
| April 2024 | CodeGemma | Google released Gemma models tuned for code completion and generation. |
| March 2024 | TacticAI and SIMA | Google DeepMind published AI systems for football tactics and generalist game agents. |
| February 2024 | Genie | Google DeepMind introduced a foundation world model for generated interactive environments. |
| January 2024 | MobileDiffusion | Google published research on faster on-device text-to-image generation. |
Google AI Timeline: Major Milestones
| Date | Google AI Milestone |
|---|---|
| 2001 | Machine learning helped Google Search suggest better spellings for user queries. |
| 2006 | Google Translate launched and brought machine translation to a large public audience. |
| 2015 | Google released TensorFlow as an open-source machine learning framework. |
| 2015 | Google launched RankBrain, its first deep learning system deployed in Search. |
| 2016 | AlphaGo defeated Lee Sedol in Go, one of DeepMind’s most visible early AI milestones. |
| 2016 | Google’s Tensor Processing Units helped accelerate large-scale machine learning training and inference. |
| 2017 | Google researchers introduced the Transformer architecture, which became a foundation for modern language models. |
| 2019 | BERT improved how Google Search understands language, context, and query meaning. |
| 2020 | AlphaFold reached a major breakthrough in protein structure prediction. |
| May 18, 2021 | Google introduced LaMDA, a Transformer-based language model designed for open-ended dialogue. |
| 2023 | Bard launched as Google’s consumer generative AI assistant. |
| May 10, 2023 | Google introduced PaLM 2 and expanded generative AI across Bard, Workspace, Cloud, and other products. |
| May 10, 2023 | Google introduced Search Generative Experience in Search Labs. |
| December 6, 2023 | Google introduced Gemini 1.0 with Ultra, Pro, and Nano model sizes. |
| February 2024 | Bard became Gemini, and Google expanded the Gemini app experience. |
| February 15, 2024 | Google introduced Gemini 1.5 with a major increase in long-context capability. |
| February 2024 | Google released Gemma, an open model family connected to the same research program behind Gemini. |
| May 2024 | Google began rolling out AI Overviews in Search as generative AI moved beyond the earlier SGE experiment. |
| September 2024 | NotebookLM added Audio Overviews, turning uploaded sources into audio discussions. |
| December 11, 2024 | Google introduced Gemini 2.0 Flash and positioned Gemini 2.0 for an agentic era. |
| February 5, 2025 | Gemini 2.0 Flash became generally available for production use through Google’s developer platforms. |
| March 25, 2025 | Google introduced Gemini 2.5 Pro with stronger reasoning and coding capabilities. |
| May 20, 2025 | Google I/O 2025 brought major AI updates across Gemini 2.5, Veo 3, Imagen 4, Flow, Gemma 3n, Search, and developer tools. |
| June 25, 2025 | Google introduced Gemini CLI as an open-source terminal AI agent. |
| November 18, 2025 | Google introduced Gemini 3 and launched Google Antigravity for agent-first software development. |
| December 17, 2025 | Google expanded the Gemini 3 family with Gemini 3 Flash. |
| February 19, 2026 | Google released Gemini 3.1 Pro for complex reasoning and agent tasks. |
| May 12, 2026 | Google introduced Gemini Intelligence on Android and previewed Googlebook laptops built around that experience. |
| May 19, 2026 | Google I/O 2026 introduced Gemini 3.5, Gemini Omni, Gemini Spark, Antigravity 2.0, Universal Cart, new Search agents, and other AI products. |
| July 21, 2026 | Google released Gemini 3.6 Flash, Gemini 3.5 Flash-Lite, and Gemini 3.5 Flash Cyber. |
| August 13, 2026 | Google released Gemini 3.7 Flash as the newest major Flash model in this timeline. |
| August 25, 2026 | Google Cloud introduced Gemini Enterprise for Legal and Financial Services as governed, industry-specific agent platforms. |
| August 26, 2026 | Google released Gemini 3.5 Transcribe in public preview for intelligent real-time and recorded-audio transcription. |
| August 27, 2026 | Google released Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash as a production-ready update with expanded controls for AI video creation and editing. |
| September 1, 2026 | Google launched agentic video understanding for Gemini 3.7 Flash, 3.6 Flash, and 3.5 Flash-Lite, allowing the models to inspect relevant video moments through transcripts, frames, and audio. |
| September 1, 2026 | Google Workspace made Google Pics generally available for Nano Banana-powered image creation and precise editing across eligible Workspace and Google AI plans. |
| September 2, 2026 | Google introduced Gemini 3.8 Flash for coding, autonomous agents, and complex reasoning, alongside Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber for vulnerability discovery and automated patching. |
How Google AI Evolved
Search and Machine Learning
Google’s early AI work focused on large-scale information systems. Search spelling correction, Translate, TensorFlow, RankBrain, TPUs, and BERT improved query understanding, translation, and machine learning at Google scale.
DeepMind and Foundation Models
DeepMind research expanded Google’s AI work into reinforcement learning, science, multimodal systems, and foundation models. AlphaGo and AlphaFold became major research milestones, while the Transformer, LaMDA, PaLM, and related work helped shape the language-model systems that followed.
Gemini and Agentic AI
The Gemini era connected Google’s model research with consumer apps, Search, developer APIs, Cloud, Android, Workspace, media generation, and software agents. Gemini 2 introduced stronger native tool use, and Gemini 3 pushed further into reasoning and multi-step agent tasks. The 2026 releases extended that direction through Gemini 3.5, Gemini 3.6, Gemini 3.7, Gemini Spark, Antigravity 2.0, and Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform. Gemini 3.5 Transcribe brought more precise voice input to developer and consumer products, while Omni 1.1 expanded professional video controls and new Gemini Enterprise editions applied governed agents to legal and financial work. Agentic video understanding let Gemini’s Flash models inspect video selectively through frames, audio, and transcripts, while Google Pics brought Nano Banana-powered image generation and object-level editing into Workspace. Gemini 3.8 then advanced long-horizon coding and autonomous agent work, with a separate Flash Cyber model for defensive security teams.
Major Google AI Models and Products
| Model or Product | Primary Role |
|---|---|
| Gemini | Google’s main multimodal model family and the name of its consumer AI assistant. |
| Gemini Audio | Google’s Gemini models for live voice, speech translation, transcription, and other audio experiences. |
| Gemma | Google’s open model family for local, research, and production use. |
| Gemini Omni | Multimodal model family that starts with video generation and conversational editing. |
| Veo | Google’s video generation model family. |
| Imagen / Nano Banana | Google image generation and editing models used across consumer and developer products. |
| Google Pics | Nano Banana-powered Google Workspace tool for AI image creation, precise object editing, in-image text changes, and collaboration. |
| Google DeepMind | Google’s central AI research organization behind Gemini, AlphaGo, AlphaFold, Genie, and other major research programs. |
| Google AI Studio | Developer environment for testing Gemini models and building with the Gemini API, including agentic video analysis. |
| Vertex AI | Google Cloud platform for building and deploying AI applications and models. |
| Gemini Enterprise | Google Cloud’s governed environment for creating, deploying, and using AI agents, including purpose-built editions for specific industries. |
| Gemini CLI | Open-source terminal AI agent for coding, research, and command-line tasks. |
| Google Antigravity | Agent-first development platform for building and coordinating software agents. |
| Gemini Spark | Personal AI agent for proactive tasks across Google apps and supported services. |
| NotebookLM | Source-grounded research and note-taking product built around user-provided materials. |
For current API cost comparisons across Google, OpenAI, Anthropic, and other providers, see the AI LLM API pricing guide.
Related AI Timeline Resources
- OpenAI and ChatGPT Timeline
- Anthropic Claude Timeline
- Antigravity CLI: Gemini CLI Alternative for Agent-first Development
More Free AI Tools from Google
- Code Wiki: Google’s AI-Powered Solution for Code Understanding.
- NotebookLM: AI Research Assistant for Students and Professionals.
- Pomelli: Google’s Free AI Tool for SMB Marketing Campaigns
- Mixboard: Free AI Moodboard Tool from Google Labs.
- Google Stitch: Free AI Vibe Design Tool with Agent and Web Export
- Producer.ai: Free AI Studio-Quality Music Generator by Google.
- Google Antigravity 2: Agent-First Dev Platform with Gemini 3.5.
- Dreambeans: Google Apps Turned Into Daily AI Stories
FAQs
What is Gemini agentic video understanding?
Google launched agentic video understanding on September 1, 2026 for Gemini 3.7 Flash, 3.6 Flash, and 3.5 Flash-Lite. It lets Gemini navigate a video timeline and selectively inspect transcripts, frames, or audio. The feature is available for uploaded videos and YouTube videos through the Gemini API in Google AI Studio and Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform. Google reports up to 88% fewer tokens, up to 66% lower analysis costs, and up to 7% higher accuracy across standard video-analysis benchmarks.
When was Google Pics released?
Google Pics began general availability on September 1, 2026, with a gradual rollout to eligible Google Workspace and Google AI plans. Powered by Nano Banana, it can generate and refine images, edit selected objects and in-image text, crop and upscale images, keep version history, and support collaboration. Direct editing in Google Docs and Slides started with the launch, while Drive integration is rolling out in the following weeks.
When was Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash released?
Google released Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash on August 27, 2026. The production-ready update added longer scene extension, first-and-last-frame interpolation, faster 360p previews, video references, and output upscaling to 1080p or 4K.
When was Gemini 3.5 Transcribe released?
Google released Gemini 3.5 Transcribe in public preview on August 26, 2026. Developers can use a streaming model through the Live API or process recorded audio through the Interactions API.
What are Gemini 3.8 Flash and Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber?
Google released both Gemini 3.8 models on September 2, 2026. Gemini 3.8 Flash is a general-purpose model for software engineering, long-running agents, and multi-step reasoning. Developers can use it through the Gemini API, Google AI Studio, Android Studio, and Google Antigravity. It is also available in Gemini Enterprise and to Google AI Pro and Ultra subscribers across the Gemini app, AI Mode in Search, and Gemini in Google Sheets. Gemini 3.8 Flash Cyber focuses on vulnerability discovery and automated patching and is limited to trusted defenders through Google’s Fairwind Program.
When was Gemini 2.0 released?
Google introduced Gemini 2.0 on December 11, 2024 with an experimental version of Gemini 2.0 Flash. That date marks the start of the Gemini 2.0 generation.
When did Gemini 2.0 Flash become generally available?
Gemini 2.0 Flash became generally available on February 5, 2025 through the Gemini API in Google AI Studio and Vertex AI. December 11, 2024 marks its first experimental release, while February 5, 2025 marks general availability.
When was Google Gemini first released?
Google introduced Gemini 1.0 on December 6, 2023. The original family included Gemini Ultra, Gemini Pro, and Gemini Nano.
When did Bard become Gemini?
Google renamed Bard to Gemini in February 2024 and expanded the Gemini app experience across mobile platforms.
When did Google start using AI in Search?
Google used machine learning in Search long before generative AI. Spelling correction appeared in 2001, RankBrain launched in 2015, BERT reached Search in 2019, Search Generative Experience arrived in 2023, and AI Overviews followed in 2024.
